Passages
indicating:
(a)
what God considers worthy of 'vengeance';
(b)
the connection between vengeance and deliverance for His people"
Below are 90+ passages from the OT/Tanaach that reveal several things about
the heart of God. His feeling toward people (especially the exploited and their
exploiters!), is especially obvious from His pronouncements of judgment--the
crimes He lists are indeed atrocities and cruelties of humanity. We can also
see that God's judgment is
not an end in itself--its main purpose is to create a situation
of liberation and restitution and peace and rest for the abused, violated,
exploited, humble, and those who depend upon His good-heart for their very
lives. God is reluctant to execute judgment in such violent ways, preferring
that we would open our hearts to each other and passionately care for the same
things He cares for.
Every book in the prophetic corpus is represented here, even the books
with specialty themes (e.g. Haggai) or legal focus (e.g., Ezekiel). The message
is quite clear: God's passion, and correspondingly His vigorous activity in
rescuing and restructuring, is focused on how we treat other bearers of His
image...
- When you spread out your hands in prayer, I will hide my eyes from
you; even if you offer many prayers, I will not listen. Your hands are full of blood; 16 wash
and make yourselves clean. Take your evil deeds out of my sight! Stop
doing wrong, 17 learn to do right! Seek
justice, encourage the oppressed. Defend the cause of the fatherless,
plead the case of the widow.
(Is 1.15-17)
- Your rulers are rebels, companions of thieves; they all love
bribes and chase after gifts. They do not defend the cause of the fatherless; the widow’s case does not
come before them. 24 Therefore the Lord, the LORD Almighty, the
Mighty One of Israel, declares: “Ah, I will get relief from my foes and
avenge myself on my enemies.
25 I will turn my hand against you; I will thoroughly purge away your
dross and remove all your impurities. 26 I will restore your judges as in
days of old, your counselors as at the beginning. (Is 1.23ff)
- Zion will be redeemed with
justice, her penitent ones with righteousness. 28 But rebels
and sinners will both be broken, and those who forsake the LORD will
perish. (Is 1.27f)
- Jerusalem staggers, Judah is falling; their words and deeds are against the LORD, defying
his glorious presence. 9 The look on their faces testifies against them;
they parade their sin like Sodom; they do not hide it. Woe to them! They
have brought disaster upon themselves.
10 Tell the righteous it will be well with them, for they will
enjoy the fruit of their deeds. 11 Woe to the wicked! Disaster is upon
them! They will be paid back for what
their hands have done.
12 Youths oppress my people,
women rule over them. O my people, your guides lead you astray; they turn
you from the path. 13 The LORD
takes his place in court; he rises to judge the people. 14 The LORD enters
into judgment against the elders and leaders of his people: “It is you who
have ruined my vineyard; the plunder
from the poor is in your houses. 15 What do you mean by crushing my people and grinding the faces of the
poor?” declares the
Lord, the LORD Almighty. (Is
3.8ff)
- 7 The vineyard of the LORD Almighty is the house of Israel, and
the men of Judah are the garden of his delight. And he looked for justice, but saw bloodshed;
for righteousness, but heard cries of
distress. (Is 5.7)
- Woe to those who make unjust
laws, to those who issue oppressive
decrees, 2 to deprive the
poor of their rights and withhold justice from the oppressed of my people,
making widows their prey and robbing the fatherless. 3 What
will you do on the day of reckoning, when disaster comes from afar? To
whom will you run for help? Where will you leave your riches? 4 Nothing
will remain but to cringe among the captives or fall among the slain. (Is 10.1ff)
- Therefore, this is what the Lord, the LORD Almighty, says: “O my
people who live in Zion, do not be afraid of the Assyrians, who beat you with
a rod and lift up a club against you, as Egypt did. 25 Very soon my anger
against you will end and my wrath will be directed to their
destruction.” 26 The LORD Almighty
will lash them with a whip, as when he struck down Midian at the rock of
Oreb; and he will raise his staff over the waters, as he did in Egypt. 27
In that day their burden will be lifted
from your shoulders, their yoke from your neck; the yoke will be broken (Is 10.24ff)
- A shoot will come up from the stump of Jesse; from his roots a Branch will bear fruit. 2 The Spirit
of the LORD will rest on him— the Spirit of wisdom and of understanding,
the Spirit of counsel and of power, the Spirit of knowledge and of the
fear of the LORD— 3 and he will delight in the fear of the LORD. He will not judge by what he sees with
his eyes, or decide by what he hears with his ears; 4 but with righteousness he will judge the needy,
with justice he will give decisions for the poor of the earth.
(Is 11.1ff)
- See, the day of the LORD is coming —a cruel day, with wrath and
fierce anger— to make the land desolate and destroy the sinners within it.
10 The stars of heaven and their constellations will not show their light.
The rising sun will be darkened and the moon will not give its light. 11 I
will punish the world for its evil, the wicked for their sins. I will put
an end to the arrogance of the haughty
and will humble the pride of the
ruthless. (Is 13.9-11)
- On the day the LORD gives you
relief from suffering and turmoil and cruel bondage, 4 you will take up this taunt against
the king of Babylon: How the oppressor
has come to an end! How his fury has ended! 5 The LORD has
broken the rod of the wicked, the scepter of the rulers, 6 which in anger
struck down peoples with unceasing blows, and in fury subdued nations with
relentless aggression. 7 All
the lands are at rest and at peace; they
break into singing. (Is
14.3ff)
- Let the Moabite fugitives stay with you; be their shelter from the
destroyer.” The oppressor will come to an end, and
destruction will cease; the aggressor
will vanish from the land. 5 In love a throne will be
established; in faithfulness a man will sit on it— one from the house of
David— one who in judging seeks justice
and speeds the cause of righteousness. (Is 16.4f)
- LORD, you are my God; I will exalt you and praise your name, for
in perfect faithfulness you have done marvelous things, things planned
long ago. 2 You have made the city a heap of rubble, the fortified town a
ruin, the foreigners’ stronghold a city no more; it will never be rebuilt.
3 Therefore strong peoples will honor you; cities of ruthless nations will revere you. 4
You have been a refuge for the poor, a
refuge for the needy in his distress, a shelter from the storm
and a shade from the heat. For the breath of the ruthless is like a storm driving against a wall 5 and
like the heat of the desert. You silence the uproar of foreigners; as heat
is reduced by the shadow of a cloud, so the song of the ruthless is stilled. (Is 25.1ff)
- He humbles those who dwell on
high, he lays the lofty city low; he levels it to the ground
and casts it down to the dust. 6 Feet trample it down— the feet of the oppressed, the footsteps of the poor.
(Is 26.5f)
- In that day the deaf will hear the words of the scroll, and out of
gloom and darkness the eyes of the blind will see. 19 Once more the humble will rejoice in the LORD;
the needy will rejoice in the Holy One of Israel. 20 The ruthless will vanish, the mockers
will disappear, and all who have an eye
for evil will be cut down— 21 those who with a word make a man out to be guilty, who
ensnare the defender in court and with false testimony deprive the
innocent of justice.
(Is 29.18f)
- Therefore, this is what the Holy One of Israel says: “Because you
have rejected this message, relied on oppression
and depended on deceit, 13 this sin will become for you like a
high wall, cracked and bulging, that collapses suddenly, in an instant.
(Is 30.12)
- No longer will the fool be called noble nor the scoundrel be
highly respected. 6 For the fool speaks folly, his mind is busy with evil:
He practices ungodliness and spreads error concerning the LORD; the hungry he leaves empty and from the thirsty
he withholds water. 7 The scoundrel’s methods are wicked, he makes up evil schemes to destroy the poor with
lies, even when the plea of
the needy is just. 8 But the noble man makes noble plans, and
by noble deeds he stands. (Is
32.5ff)
- The sinners in Zion are terrified; trembling grips the godless:
“Who of us can dwell with the consuming fire? Who of us can dwell with
everlasting burning?” 15 He who walks righteously and speaks what is
right, who rejects gain from extortion
and keeps his hand from accepting bribes, who stops his ears against plots
of murder and shuts his eyes against contemplating evil— 16 this
is the man who will dwell on the heights, whose refuge will be the
mountain fortress. His bread will be supplied, and water will not fail
him. (Is 33.14)
- Strengthen the feeble hands, steady the knees that give way; 4 say
to those with fearful hearts, “Be strong, do not fear; your God will come, he will come with vengeance;
with divine retribution he will come to
save you.” 5 Then will
the eyes of the blind be opened and the ears of the deaf unstopped. 6 Then
will the lame leap like a deer, and the mute tongue shout for joy. Water
will gush forth in the wilderness and streams in the desert. 7 The burning
sand will become a pool, the thirsty ground bubbling springs. In the
haunts where jackals once lay, grass and reeds and papyrus will grow. (Is 35.3ff)
- Why have we fasted,’ they say, ‘and you have not seen it? Why have
we humbled ourselves, and you have not noticed?’ “Yet on the day of your
fasting, you do as you please and exploit all your workers. 4
Your fasting ends in quarreling and strife, and in striking each other
with wicked fists. You cannot fast as you do today and expect your voice
to be heard on high. 5 Is this the kind of fast I have chosen, only a day
for a man to humble himself? Is it only for bowing one’s head like a reed
and for lying on sackcloth and ashes? Is that what you call a fast, a day
acceptable to the LORD? 6 “Is not this the kind of fasting I have chosen: to
loose the chains of injustice and untie the cords of the yoke, to set the
oppressed free and break every yoke? 7 Is it not to share your food with
the hungry and to provide the poor wanderer with shelter— when you see the
naked, to clothe him, and not to turn away from your own flesh and blood?
8 Then your light will break forth like the dawn, and your healing will
quickly appear; then your righteousness will go before you, and the glory
of the LORD will be your rear guard. 9 Then you will call, and the LORD
will answer; you will cry for help, and he will say: Here am I. “If
you do away with the yoke of oppression, with the pointing finger and
malicious talk, 10 and if you spend yourselves in behalf of the hungry and
satisfy the needs of the oppressed, then your light will rise
in the darkness, and your night will become like the noonday. 11 The LORD
will guide you always; he will satisfy your needs in a sun-scorched land
and will strengthen your frame. You will be like a well-watered garden,
like a spring whose waters never fail. (Is 58.3ff)
- Surely the arm of the LORD is not too short to save, nor his ear
too dull to hear. 2 But your iniquities have separated you from your God;
your sins have hidden his face from you, so that he will not hear. 3 For your hands are stained with blood,
your fingers with guilt. Your lips have
spoken lies, and your tongue mutters wicked things. 4 No one calls for
justice; no one pleads his case with integrity. They rely on
empty arguments and speak lies; they conceive trouble and give birth to
evil. 5 They hatch the eggs of vipers and spin a spider’s web. Whoever
eats their eggs will die, and when one is broken, an adder is hatched. 6
Their cobwebs are useless for clothing; they cannot cover themselves with
what they make. Their deeds are evil deeds, and acts of violence are in their hands. 7 Their feet rush
into sin; they are swift to shed innocent
blood. Their thoughts are evil thoughts; ruin and destruction
mark their ways. 8 The way of peace they do not know; there is no justice in their paths.
They have turned them into crooked roads; no one who walks in them will
know peace. 9 So justice is far
from us, and righteousness does not reach us. We look for light, but all
is darkness; for brightness, but we walk in deep shadows. 10 Like the
blind we grope along the wall, feeling our way like men without eyes. At
midday we stumble as if it were twilight; among the strong, we are like
the dead. 11 We all growl like bears; we moan mournfully like doves. We
look for justice, but find none; for deliverance, but it is far away. 12 For our offenses are many in your
sight, and our sins testify against us. Our offenses are ever with us, and
we acknowledge our iniquities: 13 rebellion
and treachery against the LORD, turning our backs on our God, fomenting
oppression and revolt, uttering lies our hearts have conceived.
14 So justice is driven back, and righteousness stands at a distance;
truth has stumbled in the streets, honesty cannot enter. 15 Truth is
nowhere to be found, and whoever shuns
evil becomes a prey.
(Is 59)
- The Spirit of the Sovereign LORD is on me, because the LORD has anointed
me to preach good news to the poor.
He has sent me to bind up the brokenhearted, to proclaim freedom for the captives and release from darkness for
the prisoners, 2 to proclaim the year of the LORD’s favor and
the day of vengeance of our
God, to comfort all who mourn,
3 and provide for those who grieve
in Zion— to bestow on them a crown of beauty instead of ashes, the oil of
gladness instead of mourning, and a garment
of praise instead of a spirit of despair. (Is 61.1ff)
- “For I, the LORD, love justice; I hate robbery and iniquity. (Is
61.8)
- The LORD has made proclamation to the ends of the earth: “Say to
the Daughter of Zion, ‘See, your Savior comes! See, his reward is with him, and his recompense
accompanies him.’” (Is 62.11)
- On your clothes men find the lifeblood
of the innocent poor, though you did not catch them breaking in.
Yet in spite of all this 35 you say, ‘I am innocent; he is not angry with
me.’ But I will pass judgment on you because you say, ‘I have not sinned.’
(Jer 2.34)
- Surely the idolatrous commotion on the hills and mountains is a
deception; surely in the LORD our God is the salvation of Israel. 24 From
our youth shameful gods have consumed
the fruits of our fathers’ labor— their flocks and herds, their sons and daughters. (Jer 3.23f)
- “Go up and down the streets of Jerusalem, look around and
consider, search through her squares. If
you can find but one person who deals honestly and seeks the
truth, I will forgive this city. 2 Although they say, ‘As surely as the
LORD lives,’ still they are swearing
falsely.” (Jer 5.1ff)
- Why should I forgive you? Your children have forsaken me and sworn
by gods that are not gods. I supplied all their needs, yet they committed
adultery and thronged to the houses of prostitutes. 8 They are well-fed,
lusty stallions, each neighing for
another man’s wife. 9 Should I not punish them for this?”
declares the LORD. “Should I not avenge myself on such a nation as
this? (Jer 5.7ff)
- Among my people are wicked men
who lie in wait like men who snare birds and like those who set
traps to catch men. 27 Like cages full of birds, their houses are full of deceit; they have become rich and powerful
28 and have grown fat and sleek. Their evil deeds have no
limit; they do not plead the case of the
fatherless to win it, they do not defend the rights of the poor.
29 Should I not punish them for this?” declares the LORD. “Should I not
avenge myself on such a nation as this?
(Jer 5.26ff)
- “From the least to the greatest, all
are greedy for gain; prophets and priests alike, all practice deceit. (Jer 6.13; also
8.10)
- If you really change your ways and your actions and deal with each other justly, 6 if you do not oppress the alien, the fatherless or the widow and do not
shed innocent blood in this place, and if you do not follow
other gods to your own harm, 7
then I will let you live in this place, in the land I gave your
forefathers for ever and ever. (Jer 7.5ff)
- Beware of your friends; do not trust your brothers. For every brother is a deceiver, and every friend a
slanderer. 5 Friend deceives friend, and no one speaks the
truth. (Jer 9.4)
- Their tongue is a deadly arrow; it speaks with deceit. With his mouth each speaks cordially to his
neighbor, but in his heart he sets a trap for him. 9 Should I
not punish them for this?” declares the LORD. “Should I not avenge myself
on such a nation as this?” (Jer
9.8f)
- Pour out your wrath on the nations that do not acknowledge you, on
the peoples who do not call on your name. For they have devoured Jacob; they have devoured him
completely and destroyed his homeland. (Jer 10.25)
- For they have forsaken me and made this a place of foreign gods;
they have burned sacrifices in it to gods that neither they nor their fathers
nor the kings of Judah ever knew, and they have filled this place with the blood of the innocent. 5 They have built the high places of
Baal to burn their sons in the fire as
offerings to Baal—something I did not command or mention, nor
did it enter my mind. 6 So beware,
the days are coming, declares the LORD, when people will no longer call
this place Topheth or the Valley of Ben Hinnom, but the Valley of
Slaughter. (Jer 19.4f)
- This is what the LORD says: “Go down to the palace of the king of
Judah and proclaim this message there:
2 ‘Hear the word of the LORD, O king of Judah, you who sit on
David’s throne—you, your officials and your people who come through these
gates. 3 This is what the LORD
says: Do what is just and right. Rescue
from the hand of his oppressor the one who has been robbed. Do no wrong or
violence to the alien, the fatherless or the widow, and do not shed
innocent blood in this place.
4 For if you are careful to carry out these commands, then kings
who sit on David’s throne will come through the gates of this palace,
riding in chariots and on horses, accompanied by their officials and their
people. 5 But if you do not obey
these commands, declares the LORD, I swear by myself that this palace will
become a ruin.’” (Jer 22.1ff)
- “Woe to him who builds his
palace by unrighteousness, his upper rooms by injustice, making his
countrymen work for nothing, not paying them for their labor.
14 He says, ‘I will build myself a great palace with spacious upper
rooms.’ So he makes large windows in it, panels it with cedar and
decorates it in red. 15 “Does it
make you a king to have more and more cedar? Did not your father have food
and drink? He did what was right and just, so all went well with him. 16 He defended the cause of the poor and needy, and
so all went well. Is that not what it means to know me?” declares the LORD.
17 “But your eyes and your heart are set only on dishonest gain, on shedding innocent blood and on
oppression and extortion.” (Jer 22.13ff)
- Their children will be as in days of old, and their community will
be established before me; I will punish
all who oppress them. (Jer
30.20)
- Shout against her on every side! She surrenders, her towers fall,
her walls are torn down. Since this is the vengeance of the LORD, take vengeance on her; do to her as she has
done to others. 16 Cut off from Babylon the sower, and the
reaper with his sickle at harvest. Because of the sword of the oppressor let everyone return to his
own people, let everyone flee to his own land. (Jer 50.15ff, 29)
- But it happened because of the sins of her prophets and the
iniquities of her priests, who shed
within her the blood of the righteous. (Lam 4.13)
- Prepare chains, because the land is full of bloodshed and the city is full of violence. 24 I will bring the most wicked of the
nations to take possession of their houses; I will put an end to the pride of the mighty
(Ezek 7.23f)
- He said to me, “Have you seen this, son of man? Is it a trivial
matter for the house of Judah to do the detestable things they are doing
here? Must they also fill the land with
violence and continually provoke me to anger? (Ezek 8.17)
- He answered me, “The sin of the house of Israel and Judah is
exceedingly great; the land is full of
bloodshed and the city is full of injustice. They say, ‘The
LORD has forsaken the land; the LORD does not see.’ 10 So I will not look on them with pity
or spare them, but I will bring down on
their own heads what they have done.” (Ezek 9.9f)
- Then the Spirit of the LORD came upon me, and he told me to say:
“This is what the LORD says: That is what you are saying, O house of
Israel, but I know what is going through your mind. 6 You
have killed many people in this city and filled its streets with the dead.
(Ezek 11.5f)
- You have profaned me among my
people for a few handfuls of barley and scraps of bread. By
lying to my people, who listen to lies, you have killed those who should
not have died and have spared those who should not live. 20 ”‘Therefore
this is what the Sovereign LORD says: I am against your magic charms with
which you ensnare people like birds and I will tear them from your arms; I
will set free the people that you ensnare like birds. 21 I will tear off your veils and save my people from your hands, and they will no
longer fall prey to your power. Then you will know that I am
the LORD. 22 Because you disheartened the righteous with your
lies, when I had brought them no grief, and because you
encouraged the wicked not to turn from their evil ways and so save their lives, 23 therefore you will no longer see
false visions or practice divination. I
will save my people from your hands. And then you will know
that I am the LORD.’” (Ezek 13.19ff)
- And you took your sons and
daughters whom you bore to me and sacrificed them as food to the idols. Was your
prostitution not enough? 21 You
slaughtered my children and
sacrificed them to the idols.
(Ezek 16.20f)
- Now this was the sin of your sister Sodom: She and her daughters
were arrogant, overfed and unconcerned;
they did not help the poor and needy. 50 They were haughty and did detestable things before me.
Therefore I did away with them as you have seen. (Ezek 16.49f)
- Suppose there is a righteous man who does what is just and right. 6
He does not eat at the mountain shrines or look to the idols of the house
of Israel. He does not defile his
neighbor’s wife or lie with a woman during her period. 7 He does not oppress anyone, but returns what he
took in pledge for a loan. He does not commit robbery but gives his food
to the hungry and provides clothing for the naked. 8 He does not lend at
usury or take excessive interest. He withholds his hand from doing wrong
and judges fairly between man and man. 9 He follows my decrees
and faithfully keeps my laws. That man is righteous; he will surely live,
declares the Sovereign LORD. (Ezek 18.5ff)